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2026, Vol: 16, Issue: 2
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Research Article


Optimization of the best extender for liquid semen of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) with the addition of different concentrations of vitamin C and glutathione

Betri Wahyu Agustin, Tinda Afriani, Tertia Delia Nova, Ananda Ananda.


Abstract
Background:
Semen quality during storage is a critical determinant of the success of artificial insemination in poultry. Muscovy duck (C. moschata), an important indigenous genetic resource in Indonesia, requires effective semen preservation methods to support breeding programs.

Aim:
This study investigated the effects of different glutathione (GSH) and vitamin C concentrations on the quality and longevity of Muscovy duck semen during cold storage. The novelty of this research lies in its focus on Muscovy ducks, the evaluation of multiple antioxidant concentrations, and detailed observation intervals to optimize semen preservation.

Methods:
Fresh semen was collected from adult Muscovy ducks and diluted with Ringer’s lactate extender supplemented with GSH (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mM) or vitamin C (0.568, 1.136, 1.704, and 2.272 mM). The diluted semen was stored at 5 °C and evaluated every 12 h for motility, viability, abnormalities, and membrane plasma integrity. Longevity was defined as the duration during which motility and viability remained >50%.

Results:
Both antioxidants significantly influenced all semen quality parameters during storage (P < 0.01). Treatment with 0.1 mM GSH and 0.568 mM vitamin C consistently preserved higher motility, viability, and membrane integrity while minimizing abnormalities. These concentrations also yielded the highest semen longevity.

Conclusion:
Appropriate GSH and vitamin C concentrations effectively maintained the quality and longevity of Muscovy duck semen during cold storage. These antioxidants show potential for improving AI outcomes in poultry.

Key words: Cold storage; GSH; Muscovy duck; Semen extender; Vitamin C.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Agustin BW, Afriani T, Nova TD, Ananda A. Optimization of the best extender for liquid semen of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) with the addition of different concentrations of vitamin C and glutathione. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(2): 1048-1059. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i2.25

Web Style

Agustin BW, Afriani T, Nova TD, Ananda A. Optimization of the best extender for liquid semen of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) with the addition of different concentrations of vitamin C and glutathione. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=276128 [Access: February 27, 2026]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i2.25

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Agustin BW, Afriani T, Nova TD, Ananda A. Optimization of the best extender for liquid semen of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) with the addition of different concentrations of vitamin C and glutathione. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(2): 1048-1059. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i2.25


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Agustin BW, Afriani T, Nova TD, Ananda A. Optimization of the best extender for liquid semen of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) with the addition of different concentrations of vitamin C and glutathione. Open Vet. J.. (2026), [cited February 27, 2026]; 16(2): 1048-1059. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i2.25


Harvard Style

Agustin, B. W., Afriani, . T., Nova, . T. D. & Ananda, . A. (2026) Optimization of the best extender for liquid semen of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) with the addition of different concentrations of vitamin C and glutathione. Open Vet. J., 16 (2), 1048-1059. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i2.25


Turabian Style

Agustin, Betri Wahyu, Tinda Afriani, Tertia Delia Nova, and Ananda Ananda. 2026. Optimization of the best extender for liquid semen of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) with the addition of different concentrations of vitamin C and glutathione. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (2), 1048-1059. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i2.25


Chicago Style

Agustin, Betri Wahyu, Tinda Afriani, Tertia Delia Nova, and Ananda Ananda. "Optimization of the best extender for liquid semen of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) with the addition of different concentrations of vitamin C and glutathione." Open Veterinary Journal 16 (2026), 1048-1059. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i2.25


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Agustin, Betri Wahyu, Tinda Afriani, Tertia Delia Nova, and Ananda Ananda. "Optimization of the best extender for liquid semen of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) with the addition of different concentrations of vitamin C and glutathione." Open Veterinary Journal 16.2 (2026), 1048-1059. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i2.25


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Agustin, B. W., Afriani, . T., Nova, . T. D. & Ananda, . A. (2026) Optimization of the best extender for liquid semen of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) with the addition of different concentrations of vitamin C and glutathione. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (2), 1048-1059. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i2.25


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