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Research Article


Histopathological study of the specific lobar distribution of lung lesions in a rat model of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension

Matilde Baltazares-lipp, Claudia Hernández-jiménez, Rogelio Jasso-victoria, Virgilia Soto-abraham, Axel Edmundo Guzmán-cedillo, Enrique Baltazares-lipp, Noé Hernández-garcía, Miguel Gaxiola-gaxiola, Raúl Olmos-zúñiga, Omar Martínez-alarcón.


Abstract
Background:
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disorder characterized by vasoconstriction, in situ thrombosis, and remodeling of small pulmonary arteries, leading to increased pulmonary vascular resistance and right ventricular failure. Despite extensive research using diverse animal models, the pathogenesis of this arteriopathy remains incompletely understood. The pyrrolizidine alkaloid monocrotaline (MCT) is a well-established agent for inducing PH in rats through endothelial injury and subsequent precapillary vascular remodeling.

Aim:
The objective of this study was to investigate the lobar distribution of pulmonary lesions in a wellcharacterized rat model of MCT pulmonary hypertension through hemodynamic, arterial blood gas analysis (ABG), and immunohistochemical assessments, in order to contribute to the pathophysiological characterization of this experimental model in veterinary and comparative medicine.

Methods:
Twenty rats were assigned to two groups: control (n = 10) and PH (n = 10; single subcutaneous dose of MCT, 80 mg/kg). After an eight-week induction period, animals underwent hemodynamic, ABG, and immunohistochemical evaluations.

Results:
Rats with PH exhibited significantly increased mean pulmonary arterial pressure (42.90 ± 9.04 mmHg vs. 21.2 ± 4.51 mmHg; p = 0.0003, Student’s t-test) and decreased blood pH (p < 0.05, Student’s t-test). Immunohistochemistry demonstrated expression of CD31, von Willebrand factor, endothelin-1, and α-smooth muscle actin. Histopathological analysis confirmed vascular remodeling in 80% of PH animals (p < 0.05, χ² test) and revealed a predominance of lesions in the cranial lobe (p < 0.05, χ²).

Conclusion:
These findings demonstrate marked lobar heterogeneity of pulmonary and vascular lesions in monocrotaline-induced PH and support the utility of this model for veterinary research, experimental animal medicine, and comparative pulmonary pathology.

Key words: Histopathology; Lung lobes; Pulmonary artery; Rat; Vascular remodeling.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Baltazares-lipp M, Hernández-jiménez C, Jasso-victoria R, Soto-abraham V, Guzmán-cedillo AE, Baltazares-lipp E, Hernández-garcía N, Gaxiola-gaxiola M, Olmos-zúñiga R, Martínez-alarcón O. Histopathological study of the specific lobar distribution of lung lesions in a rat model of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(8): 5698-5708. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i8.59

Web Style

Baltazares-lipp M, Hernández-jiménez C, Jasso-victoria R, Soto-abraham V, Guzmán-cedillo AE, Baltazares-lipp E, Hernández-garcía N, Gaxiola-gaxiola M, Olmos-zúñiga R, Martínez-alarcón O. Histopathological study of the specific lobar distribution of lung lesions in a rat model of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=309287 [Access: August 20, 2026]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i8.59

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Baltazares-lipp M, Hernández-jiménez C, Jasso-victoria R, Soto-abraham V, Guzmán-cedillo AE, Baltazares-lipp E, Hernández-garcía N, Gaxiola-gaxiola M, Olmos-zúñiga R, Martínez-alarcón O. Histopathological study of the specific lobar distribution of lung lesions in a rat model of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension. Open Vet. J.. 2026; 16(8): 5698-5708. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i8.59


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Baltazares-lipp M, Hernández-jiménez C, Jasso-victoria R, Soto-abraham V, Guzmán-cedillo AE, Baltazares-lipp E, Hernández-garcía N, Gaxiola-gaxiola M, Olmos-zúñiga R, Martínez-alarcón O. Histopathological study of the specific lobar distribution of lung lesions in a rat model of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension. Open Vet. J.. (2026), [cited August 20, 2026]; 16(8): 5698-5708. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i8.59


Harvard Style

Baltazares-lipp, M., Hernández-jiménez, . C., Jasso-victoria, . R., Soto-abraham, . V., Guzmán-cedillo, . A. E., Baltazares-lipp, . E., Hernández-garcía, . N., Gaxiola-gaxiola, . M., Olmos-zúñiga, . R. & Martínez-alarcón, . O. (2026) Histopathological study of the specific lobar distribution of lung lesions in a rat model of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension. Open Vet. J., 16 (8), 5698-5708. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i8.59


Turabian Style

Baltazares-lipp, Matilde, Claudia Hernández-jiménez, Rogelio Jasso-victoria, Virgilia Soto-abraham, Axel Edmundo Guzmán-cedillo, Enrique Baltazares-lipp, Noé Hernández-garcía, Miguel Gaxiola-gaxiola, Raúl Olmos-zúñiga, and Omar Martínez-alarcón. 2026. Histopathological study of the specific lobar distribution of lung lesions in a rat model of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (8), 5698-5708. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i8.59


Chicago Style

Baltazares-lipp, Matilde, Claudia Hernández-jiménez, Rogelio Jasso-victoria, Virgilia Soto-abraham, Axel Edmundo Guzmán-cedillo, Enrique Baltazares-lipp, Noé Hernández-garcía, Miguel Gaxiola-gaxiola, Raúl Olmos-zúñiga, and Omar Martínez-alarcón. "Histopathological study of the specific lobar distribution of lung lesions in a rat model of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension." Open Veterinary Journal 16 (2026), 5698-5708. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i8.59


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Baltazares-lipp, Matilde, Claudia Hernández-jiménez, Rogelio Jasso-victoria, Virgilia Soto-abraham, Axel Edmundo Guzmán-cedillo, Enrique Baltazares-lipp, Noé Hernández-garcía, Miguel Gaxiola-gaxiola, Raúl Olmos-zúñiga, and Omar Martínez-alarcón. "Histopathological study of the specific lobar distribution of lung lesions in a rat model of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension." Open Veterinary Journal 16.8 (2026), 5698-5708. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i8.59


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Baltazares-lipp, M., Hernández-jiménez, . C., Jasso-victoria, . R., Soto-abraham, . V., Guzmán-cedillo, . A. E., Baltazares-lipp, . E., Hernández-garcía, . N., Gaxiola-gaxiola, . M., Olmos-zúñiga, . R. & Martínez-alarcón, . O. (2026) Histopathological study of the specific lobar distribution of lung lesions in a rat model of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension. Open Veterinary Journal, 16 (8), 5698-5708. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2026.v16.i8.59


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