E-ISSN 2218-6050 | ISSN 2226-4485
 
2025, Vol: 15, Issue: 2
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Review Article


Lung cancer: Animal model of lung cancer, molecular carcinogenesis of lung cancer, and antitumor effect of Ocimum sanctum against lung cancer

Ulayatul Kustiati, Dwi Aris Agung Nugrahaningsih, Dwi Liliek Kusindarta, Hevi Wihadmadyatami.


Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of fatalities related to cancer globally. There are numerous ways to treat lung cancer, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. Since these treatments haven't yet shown satisfactory results, more research into the underlying mechanisms and different approaches to therapy and prevention are needed. Animal models are essential to the study of lung cancer because they offer priceless information about the etiology, course, and possible treatments for the illness. The therapeutic application of phytochemicals and medicinal plants to treat cancer-related compounds has gained attention subsequently. In addition to discussing the molecular carcinogenic and anti-tumor effects of the herbal treatment Ocimum sanctum in connection to lung cancer, this review will address the current awareness regarding lung cancer in animal models. The multitude of animal models utilized in lung cancer research—such as genetically modified mice, carcinogen-induced models, and xenograft induction—provides a solid foundation for understanding the illness. By easing the examination of the environmental and genetic factors involved and enhancing the analysis of possibilities for treatment, these models eventually assist in the further development of lung cancer therapy. Additionally, using the herb plant Ocimum sanctum is essential for both treating and preventing lung cancer. Standardizing dosages and enforcing laws on the use of herbal medications require more in-depth investigation.

Key words: Animal model, Carcinogenesis mechanism, Lung cancer, Ocimum sanctum


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Kustiati U, Nugrahaningsih DAA, Kusindarta DL, Wihadmadyatami H. Lung cancer: Animal model of lung cancer, molecular carcinogenesis of lung cancer, and antitumor effect of Ocimum sanctum against lung cancer. Open Vet J. 2025; 15(2): 482-503. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.1

Web Style

Kustiati U, Nugrahaningsih DAA, Kusindarta DL, Wihadmadyatami H. Lung cancer: Animal model of lung cancer, molecular carcinogenesis of lung cancer, and antitumor effect of Ocimum sanctum against lung cancer. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=217818 [Access: March 08, 2025]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.1

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Kustiati U, Nugrahaningsih DAA, Kusindarta DL, Wihadmadyatami H. Lung cancer: Animal model of lung cancer, molecular carcinogenesis of lung cancer, and antitumor effect of Ocimum sanctum against lung cancer. Open Vet J. 2025; 15(2): 482-503. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.1


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Kustiati U, Nugrahaningsih DAA, Kusindarta DL, Wihadmadyatami H. Lung cancer: Animal model of lung cancer, molecular carcinogenesis of lung cancer, and antitumor effect of Ocimum sanctum against lung cancer. Open Vet J. (2025), [cited March 08, 2025]; 15(2): 482-503. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.1


Harvard Style

Kustiati, U., Nugrahaningsih, . D. A. A., Kusindarta, . D. L. & Wihadmadyatami, . H. (2025) Lung cancer: Animal model of lung cancer, molecular carcinogenesis of lung cancer, and antitumor effect of Ocimum sanctum against lung cancer. Open Vet J, 15 (2), 482-503. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.1


Turabian Style

Kustiati, Ulayatul, Dwi Aris Agung Nugrahaningsih, Dwi Liliek Kusindarta, and Hevi Wihadmadyatami. 2025. Lung cancer: Animal model of lung cancer, molecular carcinogenesis of lung cancer, and antitumor effect of Ocimum sanctum against lung cancer. Open Veterinary Journal, 15 (2), 482-503. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.1


Chicago Style

Kustiati, Ulayatul, Dwi Aris Agung Nugrahaningsih, Dwi Liliek Kusindarta, and Hevi Wihadmadyatami. "Lung cancer: Animal model of lung cancer, molecular carcinogenesis of lung cancer, and antitumor effect of Ocimum sanctum against lung cancer." Open Veterinary Journal 15 (2025), 482-503. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.1


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Kustiati, Ulayatul, Dwi Aris Agung Nugrahaningsih, Dwi Liliek Kusindarta, and Hevi Wihadmadyatami. "Lung cancer: Animal model of lung cancer, molecular carcinogenesis of lung cancer, and antitumor effect of Ocimum sanctum against lung cancer." Open Veterinary Journal 15.2 (2025), 482-503. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.1


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Kustiati, U., Nugrahaningsih, . D. A. A., Kusindarta, . D. L. & Wihadmadyatami, . H. (2025) Lung cancer: Animal model of lung cancer, molecular carcinogenesis of lung cancer, and antitumor effect of Ocimum sanctum against lung cancer. Open Veterinary Journal, 15 (2), 482-503. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.1


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