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Research Article


Reduction of post-thawed sperm quality of Kacang goat using the addition of epigallocatechin-3-gallate into the skim milk–egg yolk extender

Suherni Susilowati, Imam Mustofa, Zulfi Nur Amrina Rosyada, Tri Wahyu Suprayogi, Tatik Hernawati, Adeyinka Oye Akintunde, Yudit Oktanella, Aswin Rafif Khairullah, Ulvi Fitri Handayani, Riza Zainuddin Ahmad, Lili Anggraini, Bima Putra Pratama, Chairdin Dwi Nugraha, Latifah Latifah.


Abstract
Background:
One native goat species in Indonesia that faces extinction because of cross-breeding is the Kacang goat (Capra hircus). In addition to ensuring food security as a meat-producing livestock, artificial insemination of the Kacang goat could simultaneously conserve it and improve its genetic quality.

Aim:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the addition of epigallocatechin-3-gallate nanoparticles (EGCG) to skimmed egg yolk (SM-EY) extender on the quality of post-thawed Kacang buck spermatozoa for artificial insemination.

Methods:
Fresh semen of Kacang buck was diluted in SM-EY without (T0) and with the addition of 50 or 100 mg EGCG/dl extender for T1 and T2, respectively. Extended semen was frozen in liquid nitrogen (−196°C) for a week in French tiny straws with 60 million spermatozoa per straw, following a standard protocol. Six thawed replicates from each group were tested for sperm motility, viability, intact plasma membrane (IPM), malonaldehyde (MDA), DNA integrity, and chromatin density.

Results:
Pre-equilibration sperm motility, viability, and IPM were not significantly different among the groups (p > 0.05). Post-equilibration sperm motility, viability, and IPM were higher (p < 0.05) in the EGCG group than in the control group. In post-thawed semen, the EGCG groups showed higher sperm motility, viability, IPM, and DNA integrity and lower MDA levels (p < 0.05) than the control group. The chromatin density did not differ between the groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusion:
The addition of 50 or 100 mg EGCG/dl SM-EY extender significantly improved the post-thawed spermatozoa quality of Kacang buck.

Key words: Food security, DNA integrity, Extinction risk, Sperm viability, Sperm motility


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Susilowati S, Mustofa I, Rosyada ZNA, Suprayogi TW, Hernawati T, Akintunde AO, Oktanella Y, Khairullah AR, Handayani UF, Ahmad RZ, Anggraini L, Pratama BP, Nugraha CD, Latifah L. Reduction of post-thawed sperm quality of Kacang goat using the addition of epigallocatechin-3-gallate into the skim milk–egg yolk extender. Open Vet. J.. 2025; 15(8): 3703-3710. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i8.34

Web Style

Susilowati S, Mustofa I, Rosyada ZNA, Suprayogi TW, Hernawati T, Akintunde AO, Oktanella Y, Khairullah AR, Handayani UF, Ahmad RZ, Anggraini L, Pratama BP, Nugraha CD, Latifah L. Reduction of post-thawed sperm quality of Kacang goat using the addition of epigallocatechin-3-gallate into the skim milk–egg yolk extender. https://www.openveterinaryjournal.com/?mno=247688 [Access: September 01, 2025]. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i8.34

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Susilowati S, Mustofa I, Rosyada ZNA, Suprayogi TW, Hernawati T, Akintunde AO, Oktanella Y, Khairullah AR, Handayani UF, Ahmad RZ, Anggraini L, Pratama BP, Nugraha CD, Latifah L. Reduction of post-thawed sperm quality of Kacang goat using the addition of epigallocatechin-3-gallate into the skim milk–egg yolk extender. Open Vet. J.. 2025; 15(8): 3703-3710. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i8.34


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Susilowati S, Mustofa I, Rosyada ZNA, Suprayogi TW, Hernawati T, Akintunde AO, Oktanella Y, Khairullah AR, Handayani UF, Ahmad RZ, Anggraini L, Pratama BP, Nugraha CD, Latifah L. Reduction of post-thawed sperm quality of Kacang goat using the addition of epigallocatechin-3-gallate into the skim milk–egg yolk extender. Open Vet. J.. (2025), [cited September 01, 2025]; 15(8): 3703-3710. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i8.34


Harvard Style

Susilowati, S., Mustofa, . I., Rosyada, . Z. N. A., Suprayogi, . T. W., Hernawati, . T., Akintunde, . A. O., Oktanella, . Y., Khairullah, . A. R., Handayani, . U. F., Ahmad, . R. Z., Anggraini, . L., Pratama, . B. P., Nugraha, . C. D. & Latifah, . L. (2025) Reduction of post-thawed sperm quality of Kacang goat using the addition of epigallocatechin-3-gallate into the skim milk–egg yolk extender. Open Vet. J., 15 (8), 3703-3710. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i8.34


Turabian Style

Susilowati, Suherni, Imam Mustofa, Zulfi Nur Amrina Rosyada, Tri Wahyu Suprayogi, Tatik Hernawati, Adeyinka Oye Akintunde, Yudit Oktanella, Aswin Rafif Khairullah, Ulvi Fitri Handayani, Riza Zainuddin Ahmad, Lili Anggraini, Bima Putra Pratama, Chairdin Dwi Nugraha, and Latifah Latifah. 2025. Reduction of post-thawed sperm quality of Kacang goat using the addition of epigallocatechin-3-gallate into the skim milk–egg yolk extender. Open Veterinary Journal, 15 (8), 3703-3710. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i8.34


Chicago Style

Susilowati, Suherni, Imam Mustofa, Zulfi Nur Amrina Rosyada, Tri Wahyu Suprayogi, Tatik Hernawati, Adeyinka Oye Akintunde, Yudit Oktanella, Aswin Rafif Khairullah, Ulvi Fitri Handayani, Riza Zainuddin Ahmad, Lili Anggraini, Bima Putra Pratama, Chairdin Dwi Nugraha, and Latifah Latifah. "Reduction of post-thawed sperm quality of Kacang goat using the addition of epigallocatechin-3-gallate into the skim milk–egg yolk extender." Open Veterinary Journal 15 (2025), 3703-3710. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i8.34


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Susilowati, Suherni, Imam Mustofa, Zulfi Nur Amrina Rosyada, Tri Wahyu Suprayogi, Tatik Hernawati, Adeyinka Oye Akintunde, Yudit Oktanella, Aswin Rafif Khairullah, Ulvi Fitri Handayani, Riza Zainuddin Ahmad, Lili Anggraini, Bima Putra Pratama, Chairdin Dwi Nugraha, and Latifah Latifah. "Reduction of post-thawed sperm quality of Kacang goat using the addition of epigallocatechin-3-gallate into the skim milk–egg yolk extender." Open Veterinary Journal 15.8 (2025), 3703-3710. Print. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i8.34


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Susilowati, S., Mustofa, . I., Rosyada, . Z. N. A., Suprayogi, . T. W., Hernawati, . T., Akintunde, . A. O., Oktanella, . Y., Khairullah, . A. R., Handayani, . U. F., Ahmad, . R. Z., Anggraini, . L., Pratama, . B. P., Nugraha, . C. D. & Latifah, . L. (2025) Reduction of post-thawed sperm quality of Kacang goat using the addition of epigallocatechin-3-gallate into the skim milk–egg yolk extender. Open Veterinary Journal, 15 (8), 3703-3710. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i8.34


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